Personality development

Development quint essentially means enhancing and grooming one's outer and inner self to bring about a positive change to your life. Each individual has a distinct persona that can be developed, polished and refined. This process includes boosting one's confidence, improving communication and language speaking abilities, widening ones scope of knowledge, developing certain hobbies or skills, learning fine etiquettes and manners, adding style and grace to the way one looks, talks and walks and overall imbibing oneself with positivity, liveliness and peace.Personality Development is gaining more and more importance because it enables people to create a good impression about themselves on others. It helps them to build and develop relationships, helps in your career growth and also helps to improve your financial needs. After all, Personality Development is nothing but a tool that helps you realize your capabilities and your strengths making you a stronger, a happier and a cheerful pers on. utward appearance is the window of your personality to the world. You are not only dress for others but for yourself too.External appearance is important b'coz that gives the first impression to others about your personality. Two Major Reasons: 1) Outward appearance is easier to examine and easier to improve. 2) Outward appearance has a more direct and immediate effect on one's interactions with others. Role Plays Inspirational Clips Learning with Fun Pre-Training Observation * Post-Training Observation * One-on-One Feedback Provided * Weekly Follow-ups * Tailor-made courses to suit your needs Incentives for Improvement from Crescendo* What is † Grooming? Importance of Personal Grooming Relation between personal appearance and image projection Disclaimer: This are â€Å"Guidelines Only' about grooming in professional environment and not intended or meant to hurt anyone's feeling. We understand that dressing and outward appearance are affected by Culture and Ethnic backgro und. It is important to dress according to your own style and for the occasion while meeting your organizational dress code guidelines. What is Grooming? It is the process of making yourself look neat and attractive The things which you do o make yourself and your appearance tidy and pleasant.Whether this is real or imaginary, the most important fact is that your appearance influences the opinions of everyone around you. Your professionalism, intelligence and the trust people form in you is mainly due to your appearance. Some of the perceptions people can form solely from your appearance are: Your professionalism Your level of sophistication Your intelligence Your credibility Personal Grooming Habits: Grooming involves all aspects of yourself Overall Cleanliness Hair Nails Teeth Uniform Make-up Personal Grooming Habit: HAIRIt is your crowning glory Keep it at a length and style at which you can maintain it Wash your hair everyday or at least every other day Men: We recommend to not fall over the ears, eyebrows or even touch the back of the collar Will always present a neat appearance Facial hair should be neatly trimmed ( moustache, sideburns), beards are not recommended Women: Tie your hair in a neat hairstyle with hair pulled back from face Hair if longer than jaw line should be tied into a bun Should be well groomed with a neat appearance at all times hHair holding devices should be plain and of natural colours.Nails: Clip nails short, along their shape A healthy body ensures healthy nails. Brittle or discolored nails show up deficiencies or disease conditions.Teeth: Brush teeth at least twice a day Remember to rinse your mouth after every meal For those who smoke it is important you rinse your mouth after every smoke and use a mouth freshener Uniform: Your uniform talks a lot about your organization First impressions are made within the first five minutes of meeting someone A neat, clean and well ironed uniform is acceptable and appreciated by one and all at all imes Your ld-Tags are also an important part of your uniform Make-up: Make up should be natural looking Try avoiding bright and attention catching colors for nail polish and lip color Mild fragrance Women: we advise to stay away from extremely dark, bright reds and fluorescent colors Hair color should not be more than two shades darker or lighter than your natural hair color. Unnatural colors (burgundy, green etc. ) must be avoided Accessories Male: Men should limit possibly limit accessories/]ewelry to 3 pieces Accessories include watch, ring, handkerchief Avoid bracelets, necklaces, and visible piercingWomen: Jewelry shoud be keep minimal and conservative Remove all facial piercing except earrings The 5 Piece Rule: Wear only five accessories – earrings count as 2; watch count as 3, allowing 2 additional accessories Shoes: Lace up conservative shoes are the most appropriate Choose black, brown or burgundy shoes. Shoe colors should match your trousers or be of a darker color. Avoid very old, shape distorted shoes. Socks should match the color of your suits and cover you calves. (Try changing socks everyday) Safest color is black. Belts should be in good condition and match the color of your shoes. Females: Shoes should be pumps or sling backs, do not wear shoes with open toes, open heel, or ankle straps. Shoes should be of good quality leather Shoe color should be darker than your trouser Hells should be 1-3 inches; higher heels should be saved for after hours.You can also rest your feet on a footrest one at a time, but maintain proper posture and avoid slouching. Step 4 Let your arms hang freely at your sides when possible. Personality Development Training Everyone is influenced by an attractive personality and without influencing others ou can't get success in todays competitive world. For many of us, it is not enough to simply have life as it happens. We find it essential to get the most we can out of life and that is being the best that we ca n be. We may be coping with life – but are we in control of it? You may be successful in some areas of your life, so why not be successful in all aspects of your life?We believe that working on both your inner self and your outer self will help you build the confidence you need to be in complete charge of your life resulting to fulfilled dreams and living life in abundance. By doing o, an individual maximizes their potential to excel both in their careers as well as their personal lives. Similarly a training in personality development enhances the general as well as unique traits (characteristics which differentiate one from others) of a person. This course aims to help a person understand and know his / her purpose in life, get a positive thought pattern, gain confidence, improve behavior, learn better communication and develop a healthy physique. Course Objective: Help create a purpose statement for life and work Usher an individual to personal wholeness and satisfactionTo strategize ways for an individual promotion by building your personal brand Aid in achieving correct posture and a healthy life style Manifest good grooming on a person's outer appearance Read and understand the importance of body talk Describe ways to enhance Verbal Communication Describe common practices in observing manners in your work place. Personality development Development quint essentially means enhancing and grooming one's outer and inner self to bring about a positive change to your life. Each individual has a distinct persona that can be developed, polished and refined. This process includes boosting one's confidence, improving communication and language speaking abilities, widening ones scope of knowledge, developing certain hobbies or skills, learning fine etiquettes and manners, adding style and grace to the way one looks, talks and walks and overall imbibing oneself with positivity, liveliness and peace.Personality Development is gaining more and more importance because it enables people to create a good impression about themselves on others. It helps them to build and develop relationships, helps in your career growth and also helps to improve your financial needs. After all, Personality Development is nothing but a tool that helps you realize your capabilities and your strengths making you a stronger, a happier and a cheerful pers on. utward appearance is the window of your personality to the world. You are not only dress for others but for yourself too.External appearance is important b'coz that gives the first impression to others about your personality. Two Major Reasons: 1) Outward appearance is easier to examine and easier to improve. 2) Outward appearance has a more direct and immediate effect on one's interactions with others. Role Plays Inspirational Clips Learning with Fun Pre-Training Observation * Post-Training Observation * One-on-One Feedback Provided * Weekly Follow-ups * Tailor-made courses to suit your needs Incentives for Improvement from Crescendo* What is † Grooming? Importance of Personal Grooming Relation between personal appearance and image projection Disclaimer: This are â€Å"Guidelines Only' about grooming in professional environment and not intended or meant to hurt anyone's feeling. We understand that dressing and outward appearance are affected by Culture and Ethnic backgro und. It is important to dress according to your own style and for the occasion while meeting your organizational dress code guidelines. What is Grooming? It is the process of making yourself look neat and attractive The things which you do o make yourself and your appearance tidy and pleasant.Whether this is real or imaginary, the most important fact is that your appearance influences the opinions of everyone around you. Your professionalism, intelligence and the trust people form in you is mainly due to your appearance. Some of the perceptions people can form solely from your appearance are: Your professionalism Your level of sophistication Your intelligence Your credibility Personal Grooming Habits: Grooming involves all aspects of yourself Overall Cleanliness Hair Nails Teeth Uniform Make-up Personal Grooming Habit: HAIRIt is your crowning glory Keep it at a length and style at which you can maintain it Wash your hair everyday or at least every other day Men: We recommend to not fall over the ears, eyebrows or even touch the back of the collar Will always present a neat appearance Facial hair should be neatly trimmed ( moustache, sideburns), beards are not recommended Women: Tie your hair in a neat hairstyle with hair pulled back from face Hair if longer than jaw line should be tied into a bun Should be well groomed with a neat appearance at all times hHair holding devices should be plain and of natural colours.Nails: Clip nails short, along their shape A healthy body ensures healthy nails. Brittle or discolored nails show up deficiencies or disease conditions.Teeth: Brush teeth at least twice a day Remember to rinse your mouth after every meal For those who smoke it is important you rinse your mouth after every smoke and use a mouth freshener Uniform: Your uniform talks a lot about your organization First impressions are made within the first five minutes of meeting someone A neat, clean and well ironed uniform is acceptable and appreciated by one and all at all imes Your ld-Tags are also an important part of your uniform Make-up: Make up should be natural looking Try avoiding bright and attention catching colors for nail polish and lip color Mild fragrance Women: we advise to stay away from extremely dark, bright reds and fluorescent colors Hair color should not be more than two shades darker or lighter than your natural hair color. Unnatural colors (burgundy, green etc. ) must be avoided Accessories Male: Men should limit possibly limit accessories/]ewelry to 3 pieces Accessories include watch, ring, handkerchief Avoid bracelets, necklaces, and visible piercingWomen: Jewelry shoud be keep minimal and conservative Remove all facial piercing except earrings The 5 Piece Rule: Wear only five accessories – earrings count as 2; watch count as 3, allowing 2 additional accessories Shoes: Lace up conservative shoes are the most appropriate Choose black, brown or burgundy shoes. Shoe colors should match your trousers or be of a darker color. Avoid very old, shape distorted shoes. Socks should match the color of your suits and cover you calves. (Try changing socks everyday) Safest color is black. Belts should be in good condition and match the color of your shoes. Females: Shoes should be pumps or sling backs, do not wear shoes with open toes, open heel, or ankle straps. Shoes should be of good quality leather Shoe color should be darker than your trouser Hells should be 1-3 inches; higher heels should be saved for after hours.You can also rest your feet on a footrest one at a time, but maintain proper posture and avoid slouching. Step 4 Let your arms hang freely at your sides when possible. Personality Development Training Everyone is influenced by an attractive personality and without influencing others ou can't get success in todays competitive world. For many of us, it is not enough to simply have life as it happens. We find it essential to get the most we can out of life and that is being the best that we ca n be. We may be coping with life – but are we in control of it? You may be successful in some areas of your life, so why not be successful in all aspects of your life?We believe that working on both your inner self and your outer self will help you build the confidence you need to be in complete charge of your life resulting to fulfilled dreams and living life in abundance. By doing o, an individual maximizes their potential to excel both in their careers as well as their personal lives. Similarly a training in personality development enhances the general as well as unique traits (characteristics which differentiate one from others) of a person. This course aims to help a person understand and know his / her purpose in life, get a positive thought pattern, gain confidence, improve behavior, learn better communication and develop a healthy physique. Course Objective: Help create a purpose statement for life and work Usher an individual to personal wholeness and satisfactionTo strategize ways for an individual promotion by building your personal brand Aid in achieving correct posture and a healthy life style Manifest good grooming on a person's outer appearance Read and understand the importance of body talk Describe ways to enhance Verbal Communication Describe common practices in observing manners in your work place. Personality development Development quint essentially means enhancing and grooming one's outer and inner self to bring about a positive change to your life. Each individual has a distinct persona that can be developed, polished and refined. This process includes boosting one's confidence, improving communication and language speaking abilities, widening ones scope of knowledge, developing certain hobbies or skills, learning fine etiquettes and manners, adding style and grace to the way one looks, talks and walks and overall imbibing oneself with positivity, liveliness and peace.Personality Development is gaining more and more importance because it enables people to create a good impression about themselves on others. It helps them to build and develop relationships, helps in your career growth and also helps to improve your financial needs. After all, Personality Development is nothing but a tool that helps you realize your capabilities and your strengths making you a stronger, a happier and a cheerful pers on. utward appearance is the window of your personality to the world. You are not only dress for others but for yourself too.External appearance is important b'coz that gives the first impression to others about your personality. Two Major Reasons: 1) Outward appearance is easier to examine and easier to improve. 2) Outward appearance has a more direct and immediate effect on one's interactions with others. Role Plays Inspirational Clips Learning with Fun Pre-Training Observation * Post-Training Observation * One-on-One Feedback Provided * Weekly Follow-ups * Tailor-made courses to suit your needs Incentives for Improvement from Crescendo* What is † Grooming? Importance of Personal Grooming Relation between personal appearance and image projection Disclaimer: This are â€Å"Guidelines Only' about grooming in professional environment and not intended or meant to hurt anyone's feeling. We understand that dressing and outward appearance are affected by Culture and Ethnic backgro und. It is important to dress according to your own style and for the occasion while meeting your organizational dress code guidelines. What is Grooming? It is the process of making yourself look neat and attractive The things which you do o make yourself and your appearance tidy and pleasant.Whether this is real or imaginary, the most important fact is that your appearance influences the opinions of everyone around you. Your professionalism, intelligence and the trust people form in you is mainly due to your appearance. Some of the perceptions people can form solely from your appearance are: Your professionalism Your level of sophistication Your intelligence Your credibility Personal Grooming Habits: Grooming involves all aspects of yourself Overall Cleanliness Hair Nails Teeth Uniform Make-up Personal Grooming Habit: HAIRIt is your crowning glory Keep it at a length and style at which you can maintain it Wash your hair everyday or at least every other day Men: We recommend to not fall over the ears, eyebrows or even touch the back of the collar Will always present a neat appearance Facial hair should be neatly trimmed ( moustache, sideburns), beards are not recommended Women: Tie your hair in a neat hairstyle with hair pulled back from face Hair if longer than jaw line should be tied into a bun Should be well groomed with a neat appearance at all times hHair holding devices should be plain and of natural colours.Nails: Clip nails short, along their shape A healthy body ensures healthy nails. Brittle or discolored nails show up deficiencies or disease conditions.Teeth: Brush teeth at least twice a day Remember to rinse your mouth after every meal For those who smoke it is important you rinse your mouth after every smoke and use a mouth freshener Uniform: Your uniform talks a lot about your organization First impressions are made within the first five minutes of meeting someone A neat, clean and well ironed uniform is acceptable and appreciated by one and all at all imes Your ld-Tags are also an important part of your uniform Make-up: Make up should be natural looking Try avoiding bright and attention catching colors for nail polish and lip color Mild fragrance Women: we advise to stay away from extremely dark, bright reds and fluorescent colors Hair color should not be more than two shades darker or lighter than your natural hair color. Unnatural colors (burgundy, green etc. ) must be avoided Accessories Male: Men should limit possibly limit accessories/]ewelry to 3 pieces Accessories include watch, ring, handkerchief Avoid bracelets, necklaces, and visible piercingWomen: Jewelry shoud be keep minimal and conservative Remove all facial piercing except earrings The 5 Piece Rule: Wear only five accessories – earrings count as 2; watch count as 3, allowing 2 additional accessories Shoes: Lace up conservative shoes are the most appropriate Choose black, brown or burgundy shoes. Shoe colors should match your trousers or be of a darker color. Avoid very old, shape distorted shoes. Socks should match the color of your suits and cover you calves. (Try changing socks everyday) Safest color is black. Belts should be in good condition and match the color of your shoes. Females: Shoes should be pumps or sling backs, do not wear shoes with open toes, open heel, or ankle straps. Shoes should be of good quality leather Shoe color should be darker than your trouser Hells should be 1-3 inches; higher heels should be saved for after hours.You can also rest your feet on a footrest one at a time, but maintain proper posture and avoid slouching. Step 4 Let your arms hang freely at your sides when possible. Personality Development Training Everyone is influenced by an attractive personality and without influencing others ou can't get success in todays competitive world. For many of us, it is not enough to simply have life as it happens. We find it essential to get the most we can out of life and that is being the best that we ca n be. We may be coping with life – but are we in control of it? You may be successful in some areas of your life, so why not be successful in all aspects of your life?We believe that working on both your inner self and your outer self will help you build the confidence you need to be in complete charge of your life resulting to fulfilled dreams and living life in abundance. By doing o, an individual maximizes their potential to excel both in their careers as well as their personal lives. Similarly a training in personality development enhances the general as well as unique traits (characteristics which differentiate one from others) of a person. This course aims to help a person understand and know his / her purpose in life, get a positive thought pattern, gain confidence, improve behavior, learn better communication and develop a healthy physique. Course Objective: Help create a purpose statement for life and work Usher an individual to personal wholeness and satisfactionTo strategize ways for an individual promotion by building your personal brand Aid in achieving correct posture and a healthy life style Manifest good grooming on a person's outer appearance Read and understand the importance of body talk Describe ways to enhance Verbal Communication Describe common practices in observing manners in your work place.

Rabindranath Tagore Essay

Rabindranath Tagore] ( 7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941), sobriquet Gurudev,was a Bengali polymath who reshaped his region’s literature and music. Author of Gitanjali and its â€Å"profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse†, he became the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913. In translation his poetry was viewed as spiritual and mercurial; his seemingly mesmeric personality, flowing hair, and other-worldly dress earned him a prophet-like reputation in the West. His â€Å"elegant prose and magical poetry† remain largely unknown outside Bengal. Tagore introduced new prose and verse forms and the use of colloquial language into Bengali literature, thereby freeing it from traditional models based on classical Sanskrit. He was highly influential in introducing the best of Indian culture to the West and vice versa, and he is generally regarded as the outstanding creative artist of modern India.[5] A Pirali Brahmin from Calcutta, Tagore wrote poetry as an eight-year-old.[10] At age sixteen, he released his first substantial poems under the pseudonym BhÄ nusiá ¹Æ'ha (â€Å"Sun Lion†), which were seized upon by literary authorities as long-lost classics. He graduated to his first short stories and dramas—and the aegis of his birth name—by 1877. As a humanist, universalist internationalist, and strident anti-nationalist he denounced the Raj and advocated independence from Britain. As an exponent of the Bengal Renaissance, he advanced a vast canon that comprised paintings, sketches and doodles, hundreds of texts, and some two thousand songs; his legacy endures also in the institution he founded, Visva-Bharati University. Tagore modernised Bengali art by spurning rigid classical forms and resisting linguistic strictures. His novels, stories, songs, dance-dramas, and essays spoke to topics political and personal. Gitanjali (Song Offerings), Gora (Fair-Faced), and Ghare-Baire (The Home and the World) are his best-known works, and his verse, short stories, and novels were acclaimed—or panned—for their lyricism, colloquialism, naturalism, and unnatural contemplation. His compositions were chosen by two nations as national anthems: the Republic of India’s Jana Gana Mana and Bangladesh’s Amar Shonar Bangla. The composer of Sri Lanka’s national anthem: Sri Lanka  Matha was a student of Tagore, and the song is inspired by Tagore’s style.

5 Ways to Make Your Resume Stand Out

5 Ways to Make Your Resume Stand Out Human Resources Associates, Recruitment Agents, and Hiring Managers are bombarded daily with resumes. Realistically they do not have the time to scour through every single resume reading about your special talent, or your favorite hobby. Because of the limited amount of time these professionals have they are always on the lookout for ways to weed out candidates rather quickly. Shockingly, some hiring managers can simply give a single glance to a resume and decide whether it’s a ‘yes’ or ‘no’. So, it is very important that you make those few seconds count, and possibly land in the forefront of thousands of competing candidates. Here are five ways to take your resume to the next level. Make sure that your resume is rid of any errors and that the readability is simple and easy. Making the decision to use an artsy resume template or something exorbitant is the first door to easy rejection. Remember less is always more and simple triumphs every time. Most often, reps equate typos and errors with laziness and the last impression you want to convey is laziness. Use your resume to tell your story. Your resume is a snapshot of your dependability, work ethic, work patterns, etc. Control the narrative and make the story count. You can do this by displaying your professional experience, accomplishments, skills, talents, and relevant knowledge for the job you are applying to. The trick is to make it long enough to tell your story through growth, promotions, and advancements. But once again you want to make it short enough to be able to obtain the information in one glance. THE COVER LETTER IS NOT OPTIONAL. A cover letter is a auxiliary tool for the resume, while many of us think it is useless and optional it could really be the deciding factor behind whether you advance to the next step or not. Unless the hiring manager explicitly says to ignore the cover letter then take the time to write and customize one. Include enough buzzwords and keywords pertaining to your intended industry. Buzzwords are meant to describe your capabilities and demonstrate how you are a better fit for the position. Some examples include budgeted, compiled, facilitated, merchandised, resolved, or upgraded. But be careful to not include some of the overused buzzwords such as, specialized, leadership, excellent, creative, or experienced. Use a header. The header will be the first thing that a hiring manager may see and it’s a statement that should typically be in caps presenting important information rather quickly

The First North Korean Nuclear Crisis during 1993-4 Essay

The First North Korean Nuclear Crisis during 1993-4 - Essay Example gh it seems difficult to oppose that view, the â€Å"crisis† was resolved in 1994 when North Korea obeyed the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). The situation had been considered as a nuclear crisis when the North Korea withdrew from the NPR on March 12, 1993. This became the onset of the North Korean nuclear crisis which became a major concern in the international arena. Different countries participated to be able to resolve the problem. These countries include China Japan, Russia and the members of the IAEA which held important roles in the process of settling the nuclear crisis. The most important and most affected countries though with the most significant participation in the issue are the South Korea and the United States. For South Korea, the danger had been the fact that the relationship with the Northern region had been volatile since the civil war. In addition, South Korea is facing the North’s dangerous play over the demilitarized zone and the United States, a superpower which deployed about 37,000 American military in the South and played a leadership in international community. For that matter, South Korea and United States can be considered as the major role players in the resolution of the North Korean nuclear crisis. Many of existing literature on the North Korean nuclear problem tend to focus on political aspects of the program and strategy to solve the issue. The political perspective is necessary to analyze the stake of North Korean nuclear program. Although this is the case, it is not sufficient to understand the full scope of a more complicated picture, especially the 1994 crisis which can be considered to be affected by the complicated interaction of history, politics, military and economy. Some published works have been able to reveal more thoroughly such as â€Å"Going Critical† written by insiders during the crisis. The authoritative account of the crisis recounts a detail about how

Bernard Montgomery Vs. Erwin Rommel Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Bernard Montgomery Vs. Erwin Rommel - Term Paper Example Montgomery was a fascinating organizer and an exceptional field commanding officer, whose knowledge and years of learning, writing and arranging for a forthcoming warfare distinguished him out as of his recreational colleagues as complete professional. A man of words and actions, Monty at all times spoke his thoughts, owned an inborn air of power and had a clear strength of mind to succeed which rapidly disabused those who considered that he was not capable enough. Montgomery was forever a general for soldier’s who acknowledged the vital significance of confidence and developed successful way of setting up a lasting connection of communal faith and self-assurance with his official and staff. He was an inspiring person in charge, an accomplished coach of parades and masterful diplomat, whose approval of how to carry out war below progressive circumstances made him as a rule effectual general that Britain appointed in Northwest Europe throughout World War 2. Comparatively Rommel ’s functioning in World War 1 deserve him a place in the minor post-war military of the Weimar Republic, the Reichswehr. Once more, he neither did extremely well nor was unsuccessful and would have mainly almost certainly finished his profession as a divisional or at greatest service chief officer if it wasn’t for his near affiliation with Hitler. Owing to his association he was offered authority of one of the ten divisions of Panzer that waged war and succeeded the movement in 1940 in the West in spring.

Jets Use of Social Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Jets Use of Social Media - Essay Example This study highlights that Jet is selling itself as a company where laundry products are available to pocket friendly prices, with increased convenience since they offer free delivery services for sales that exceed $35. Consequently, its attempt to reach social media users is strategic to creating a large customer base who value price and convenience. A close monitor of its activity in terms of posts made on these websites over the past month reveals completely no posts on LinkedIn and Facebook, but with 2145 and 133 on Twitter and Instagram respectively. The reason as to why no posts were made on the first two sites is probably because the company continues to ride on a post previously posted and which had gone viral for the better part of the duration under investigation.  On Instagram, a mind blowing Jet TV advertisement, a commercial post received nearly 130 likes from users. Note that the page has 133 followers, which implies that nearly every follower, about 99 percent, liked the TV ad.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to the essay findings the company’s activity on social media is still below par, which necessitates for increased engagement in order to amass more followers that in turn would create more awareness about its products. Advancements in technology have revolutionized the world of business marketing practices, with increased number of consumers spending most of their time on social media websites, making such the ideal places of reaching them, as opposed to television and radio sources.         Ã‚  

Contract law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Contract law - Essay Example In the formation f contracts two elements are vital. Firstly, the "offer," an indication by one person prepared to contract with another, on certain terms, which are fixed, or capable f being fixed at the time the offer is made. Secondly, there must be an "acceptance", an unconditional assent to a definite offer.[2] These two combine to create certainty that a contract has been formed, for, as in Scammell v Ouston (1941),[3] "if an agreement is uncertain on some important issue.the courts will hold there is no contract."[4] Following this, the elements f consideration and intent provide the contract's "body and substance"[5]So, what is meant by "consideration" and "the intention to create legal relations" English law usually requires prof that the parties have made a bargain, or agreement, [6] this is known as the benefit and detriment test. (Currie v Misa (1875) [7] or "a benefit to one party or a detriment to another."[8] So, in practical terms consideration can be defined as what one party in an agreement is giving, or promising, in exchange for what is being given, or promised, by the other side. [9] This provides mutuality, making the contract enforceable. The Oxford Dictionary f Law definition states, "Consideration is essential to the validity f any contract other than one made by deed. Without consideration an agreement not made by deed is not binding; it is a nudum pactum (naked agreement) governed by the maxim ex nudo pacto non oritur action (a right f action does not arise out f a naked agreement.)"[10] English law does not rely on formalities as a way f identifying intention to create a legally binding contract. Instead it focuses on offer, acceptance and consideration. [11] If these are present, and unless rebutted by contrary evidence, courts operate on the basis f two legal presumptions, that there is no intention to be bound in domestic or social arrangements, but there is intention to be bound in commercial agreements. [12] Professor B.A.Hepple claims that there is no need f a separate requirement f intention, and that a bargain, involving mutuality is sufficient. These views are not generally accepted as it is widely agreed that identifying the parties' intentions is essential to the role f the courts when establishing if a contract was made. [13] It is useful to look at why English law has become so reliant on the consideration element f a contract, and why it has frequently been used as the "badge f enforceability,"[14] Professor Atiyah argues that "consideration" originally meant a "reason for enforcing an agreement."[15] Early forms f contract law mainly involved agreements regarding debt, covenant, or detinue ie., wrongful detention f property, and were only binding if under seal. This method, which required a degree f form such as writing or a deed, was used to prevent fraud and proved that there was an intention to create legal relations. Consideration was first used in the sixteenth century when, in order to enforce informal agreements, the law f assumsit was developed.[16] So, while that the law would, "...still not enforce merely gratuitous promises, ... the law had to develop an element that could distinguish between a proper contractual agreement, and something less that would not."[17] Due to the Law f Property Miscellaneous Provisions Act 1989, form is still required for contracts involving the sale f land. It is also used to offer consumers protection in hire purchase and consumer credit agreements. In the English Common law system, a promise is not legally binding as part f a contract except if it is made in a deed or supported by some consideration. [18] Sir Guenter Treitel Q.C.,

Advising a Leader Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Advising a Leader - Essay Example the malice of others at least in part.3 In order to do so, we must be somewhat unpredictable.4 We must know our strength.5 We should know when the time is right to act toward independence.6 We must be resolute.7 We should emulate the heroes of history.8 We should prevent any additional scandal.9 We must keep hope alive.10 Corruption is alive and well in our organization, and we should do all we can to rectify that. The challenge is to allow everyone to maintain a sense of dignity in doing so.11 We must act quickly, because to continue on this path is folly.12 Nevertheless, we should expect at least some failure in our comrades and care only to keep the company of those who are honorable.13 We need to live in pragmatism and be seen doing so.14 We must put ourselves on the path to self-sufficiency.15 In so doing, we ought to make use of friendly support from other nations.16 Although we may feel sorry for others, we never want to end up feeling sorry for ourselves.17 The only way to wage this battle is with honor.18 With our opposition party in Gaza, we must care to never fully contend with those who have little to lose.19 Although we should seek conciliation, we do not want to be too week in our discourse.20 We do not want our efforts to inadvertently guide Israel in widening the rift between us.21 We should approach this with measure boldness.22 Still, we should remain flexible.23 We do not be so ceremonious as to seem to be scandal mongers.24 Our goal is consolation power in our nation with merit.25 We are aware there are bad people every where.26 All the same, we should be moderate as we carry out this cause.27 We should act with somber reserve as proof of our prudence.28 We will face insult.29 We maintain enough wisdom to follow through with this in the present.30 We must understand those with whom we are dealing.31 This is a process of renewal for our country.32 We cannot keep taking responsibility for the failings of others, but instead we must know how to

Emergency preparedness for Healthcare Professionals Article

Emergency preparedness for Healthcare Professionals - Article Example It is advisable that since a hospital is working as a team, then the fight and preparedness here should also be initiated as a team. To begin with, I will address the issues of someone coming in to attack the hospital with a weapon. Here, it is advisable that both patients and hospital officials should make a highway where some individuals can escape. In addition, the alarm system should be in place and in good condition, which will alarm the security officers on the attack immediately. Having put that across, it is also vital to raise concern over earthquake occurrence in the hospital. Earthquake is natural and often, hard to identify the direction to which it is originating from without machines assistance. Therefore, it is advisable for the hospital management to be well equipped with several kits that can last over seventy-two hours after the occurrence of the real incidence. Some of the kits are the ponchos, radios for communication and networking, food rations and flashlights j ust to sample but a few. Again, it is important for the hospital management to acknowledge the vitality of the emergency systems that will aid in notifications. Further, it will be awesome if the hospital is safe-guarded with earthquake safety measures, frames and foundations of the building should be reinforced to resist earthquake. Another unavoidable disaster is terrorism. Often, the increased potential of attacks by the terrorist directs the consequence and unique burden on Medicaid personnel. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the hospital management to prepare in advance for the fight against such act. Thus, the hospital officials have the mandate to implement policies that will protect health care personnel during the time when they will be attending to the victims. Therefore, it is pertinent to have ambulance in standby to evacuate some patients to other hospitals, order extra medicines and arrangements for security personnel. Again, alarming disaster is carbon Monoxide poisoning. In this regard, it is pertinent that the management team should ensure that there is proper installation of the carbon monoxide alarms, which can alert the concern authority audibly. The hospitals should have a professional checker of all burning appliances. It is not wise to be using oven or range to assist in heating the hospitals. Charcoal burning in hospital should be out of bounds. Another caution is that cars should not be left running since; this will not supply required air in the milieu. Lastly, hospital should develop extra decontamination rooms since it is not likely that pre-hospital personnel will manage to control all the contamination issues, the above will prevent hypothermia illness. Hurricane is another disaster that needs thorough preparedness. Here, for any hospitals to run effectively without worries of the severity of the hurricane, it is important that the following issues be put in place. Back-up generators are required to prevent black out conditi on. Hospital structures should be hardened and category five windows hurricane resistance put in place. Fuel tanks for the back-up generators should be available. Another natural disaster is the flood. It is worth to note that flood being a natural disaster calls for preparedness immediately when any sign shows up to avoid loss of life.

There are certain actions Essay Example for Free

There are certain actions Essay There are certain actions we take during our youth that we come to regret later on in life. Usually, such mistakes are attributed to the follies of youth and can simply be looked back on in hindsight. For most people, they can look back at that particular event and simply shrug it off and chalk it off to experience. I cannot accept that I made that kind of mistake in my life because I feel that if I had made the right decision then, I would not be regretting the repercussions I am facing now. I was a wide-eyed 17 year old when I decided to sign up for boot camp. I was thrilled at the idea of being able to serve my country even though at the time, I was not conscious of what that actually meant. 2 weeks after I arrived at boot camp, America was struck terrorists. 9/11 was the biggest nightmare everyone both in the civilian and military field had to deal with. While I was trying to train and concentrate on learning the art of war, a lot of things were going on with my family back home. I was also being pressured to come home by my parents who feared that I would be sent off to Afghanistan. The last think they wanted was to lose a daughter to the war and truth be told, I could feel their fear because I too was afraid of what the cards of fate may have been holding for my future. I began to have bouts of depression and my officers noticed a marked change in my personality. They knew that I was not fit to serve. So at the age of 18, before I could see any real action, I was discharged from the service due to a medically documented Personality Disorder. It was a case of â€Å"Too young, too soon† for me and I was so confused regarding what I really wanted to be and do that I had to be placed by the military doctor on Zoloft medication in order to deal with my anxiety and depression. After I left the service, I got over the depression and started to lead a normal civilian life. The thought of what might have been had I not left the service still continues to haunt me so at the age of 24, I want to go back to what I had left and try to see if I can still follow the road and see where it takes me. In fact, as early as 2 years before I got married, I had already contemplated going back to the service as a National Guard but put it off because I told myself that when I went and got myself that waiver, I was going to do it for all the right reasons and that I would not make the same mistake twice. So when I was sure that I had the courage to go get the waiver and see my decision through to the end, I called my husband and relatives to a conclave. I explained to them that I wanted to seek stability in my life. I associated this stability with the opportunity to pick up where I left off, that is, serving my country regardless of the danger to my person. My time for soul searching is over, it is now time for me to prove that I have what it takes to survive in this world on my own. My husband did not need much convincing because he was raised in a military family and fully supports my efforts to have a career in a field that will make me happy. My parents are still worried about me and are not sure that I am over my personality disorder but after I presented them with my civilian doctors certification that I was fit to serve in the military (see attached certification) , they finally backed down and gave me their blessing. I am presenting myself to you with the hopes that you will also see beyond my youthful error of ways and grant me this second chance to prove that I can be of service to my country in the best way possible. That is by allowing me to return to active duty and service in the military under the National Guard.

Improving Car Chassis Stiffness

Improving Car Chassis Stiffness Introduction The purpose of the project is to increase the stiffness and reduce the weight of the existing car chassis, without disturbing the shape provided for engine mountings and drivers space and other constraints provided by the existing chassis model. Why is it so important to increase the stiffness and reduce the weight of the chassis? In general to define chassis in this way, first a clear meaning of structure should be known. In general perspective a structure can be defined as a specific arrangement of material to resist loads. This structure should also enable to the location of the components such as engine mountings, transmission, fuel tank, suspension system etc. So it must resist loads without breaking, and without more deflection. If the chassis cannot resist loads it leads to a serious handling problems, and will not support the engine and transmission system, also the chassis should be light enough to maintain weight to power ratio and better handling in corners. 1.1 Background to project The principle loads that includes on the chassis are, by the engine, the aerodynamics, brakes, road irregularities, the inertia loads due to masses under accelerations and vibrations. Also the chassis must with stand impact loads, having absorbed part of crash energy by deformation which includes the bending, torsion, combined bending and torsion, also lateral and longitudinal loads. So the chassis structure should be strong in stiffness in design case rather than strength. The chassis and body developments should also reduce weight because it improves the vehicle ride, handling, improves the performance of car by reducing the drag because of high weight to power ratio, and also will reduce the need for power there by increases the fuel efficiency. Because of this now even mass produced passengers cars lightened up by the most detailed weight-watcher engineering techniques due to corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) regulations of the federal government. Lighter vehicle requires less power, hence less fuel, for equal performance. History The demand for the chassis with high torsion stiffness and low weight had increased from the World War 2. This demand had led to the innovation of many kinds such as Space frame, stressed skin etc. These types had become universal among the European road race cars following its appearance in the Lotus MK and the Mercedes-Benz 300SL in 1952. These are the cars which used strictly space frame chassis and the attention they received had popularized the idea. Major automobile industries in present era are purchasing the competitive vehicles and disassembled them carefully to study the weight and stiffness of car for comparison with the equivalent part of their own vehicle. So this lead to a competitive reasons than for increase fuel economy. Today have been included to expand the following three reasons: A means for recognising opportunities for overall weight reduction for better fuel economy. The means for determining centre of gravity (CG) location and polar moment of inertia. Detail weight estimates provides target figure of cost estimates of all parts. To resist inertial loads under accelerations, accidents etc. Structural efficiency A designer can achieve enough stiffness for a chassis from any form of construction, if enough material is used. This is not the criteria of a designer, to assess the efficiency of structure its stiffness must be considered in relation to the weight. The below shows the absolute increase in stiffness achieved in recent years is the increase in stiffness to weight ratio. Vehicle year Torsional stiffness(lb-ft/degree) Structure weight (lb) Stiffness/weight ratio Lotus 21 F1 1961 700 82.0 8.5 Lotus 24 F1 1962 1,000 72 13.9 Mc Laren F1 1966 11,000 Na Na Lotus 79F1 1979 3,000 95 31.6 Lotus 79 F1 Late 1979 5,000 85 58.8 Lotus F1 1980 10,000 75 133.33 Lola F1 1993 30,000 80 375 Table1: Demand for increase in structural efficiency. Literature Review Introduction: The loads that are experienced on a chassis are light commercial loads due to normal running conditions are considered. That is caused as the vehicle transverses uneven ground as the driver performs various manoeuvres. Basically there are five load cases to consider. Bending case. Torsion case. Combined bending and torsion case. Lateral loading. Fore and aft loading. 2.1.1. Bending case This type of loading is caused due to the weight of components distributed along the frame of the vehicle in the vertical plane which causes the bending about y-axis. The bending case depends mainly on the weight of the major components in the car and the payload. First the static condition is considered by determining the load distribution along the vehicle. The axle reaction loads are obtained by resolving the forces and by taking the moments form the weights and positions of the components. 2.1.2. Torsion case The vehicle body is subjected to the moments applied at the axels centrelines by applying both upward and downward loads are at the each axle in this case. Because of this it results in a twisting action or torsion moment about x-axis of the vehicle. The condition of pure torsion does not exist on its own because of the vertical loads always exist due to gravity. However for the calculation purpose the pure torsion is assumed. The maximum torsion moments are based on loads at the lighter loaded axle, its value can be calculated by the wheel load on the lighter loaded axle multiplied by the wheel track. The loads at the wheels are shown in the above figure. So the torsion moment is given as: RF  tf =  RR  tr 2 2 Where tf  and tr  are front and rear track respectively and R  f  and Rr  are front and rear loads. These loads are based on the static reaction loads but dynamic factors in this case are typically 1.3 for road vehicles (Pawlowski, 1964). 2.1.3. Combined bending and torsion In practice the torsion will not exist without bending as gravitational forces are always present. So the two cases must be considered when representing a real situation. Fig3: combined bending and torsion. 2.1.4. Lateral loading This type of loading is experienced by the vehicle at the corner or when it slides against a Kerb, i.e. loads along the y-axis. The lateral loads are generated while cornering at the tyre to ground contact patches which are balanced by the centrifugal force MV2  / R, M stands for vehicle mass, V vehicle velocity , R is the radius of the corner. The disaster occurs when the wheel reactions on the inside of the turn drop to zero, that means that the vehicle ready to turn over. In this case vehicle will be subjected to bending in x-y plane. The condition that applies to the roll over is shown in the below figure and it also depends up on the height of the vehicle centre of gravity and the track. At this particular condition the resultant of the centrifugal force and the weight that passes along the outside wheels contact patch. And hence lateral acceleration is V2/R=gt/2h Lateral force at the centre of gravity MV2/R = Mgt/2h. Front tyre side forces YF  = Mgt b/2h(a+b). At the rear tyres YR  = Mgt a/ 2h(a+b). From the lateral acceleration it is clear that it is t/2h times that of the gravitational acceleration. Kerb bumping will cause high loads and will roll over in exceptional circumstances. And also this high loads will cause in the bending in the x-y plane are not critical as the width of the vehicle will provide the sufficient bending strength and stiffness. 2.1.5. Fore and aft loading At the time of acceleration and breaking longitudinal forces will come into picture along the x-axis. Traction and braking forces at the tyre to ground contact points are reacted by mass times acceleration inertia forces as shown in below figure. The important cases such as bending, torsion, bending and torsion will come into play as these determine the satisfactory structure (Pawlowski, 1964). 2.1.5.1 Longitudinal loading At the time of vehicle accelerates or decelerates, the inertia forces are generated. The loads generated can be transferred from one axle to another by the inertia forces as the centre of gravity of the vehicle is above the road surface. While accelerating the weight is transferred from front axle to the rear axle and vice versa at the time breaking and decelerating condition. To have a clear picture of forces acting on the body a height of the centres of gravity of all structures are required. And its not so easy to determine. A simplified model considering one inertia force generated at the vehicle centre of gravity can provide useful information about the local loading at the axle positions due to breaking and traction forces. Front wheel drive, the reaction on the driving wheel is: RF = Mg(L-a) Mh(dV/dt) L Rear wheel drive, the reaction on the driving wheel is: RR = Mga + Mh(dV/dt) L In braking case the reactions on the axles are: RF = Mg(L-a) + Mh(dV/dt) L 2.1.6. Allowable stresses From the above discussed loads it is clear that it will induce stresses in all over the structure. So it is important that under the worst load conditions that the stresses induced into the structure are kept to acceptable limits. In consideration of the static loads of a limited amount should give a stress level certainly below the yield stress. If analysed the bending case for a road gong car is considered the maximum allowable stress should be limited as follows: Stress due to static load Ãâ€"Dynamic factor ≠¤ 2/3Ãâ€" yield stress. The above equation says that under any worst load condition the stress should not exceed 67% of the yield stress. Alternatively the safety factor against yield is 1.5 for the worst possible load condition. 2.1.7 Bending stiffness It is equally important to consider the bending stiffness weather to say the structure is sufficiently strong or not. So an equal and important assessment is given to the structural stiffness. Therefore many designers consider the stiffness is most important than strength. It is possible to design a structure which is sufficiently strong but yet unsatisfactory because of insufficient stiffness. Designing for acceptable stiffness is therefore often more critical than designing for sufficient strength. For vehicles the bending stress is determined by the limits of deflection of the side frame door apertures. In case of excessive deflection the doors will not shut properly. Local stiffness of floor is also important because it minimises the safety of the passenger. 2.1.8 Torsion stiffness If the stiffness is low the driver may feel that the vehicle in front will be shaking with the front wing structures moving up and down. The practical problems of doors failing to close properly will also be seen. A similar thing will be seen in the jacking points that are positioned at the corners of the vehicle. For fast moving cars the torsion stiffness is very important because it may cause serious handling problems. Therefore care should be taken in maintaining sufficient torsion stiffness. So from the all above dimensions of forces and handling of a vehicle chassis should be stiff enough and also should be less in weight. 2.1.9 Chassis types Chassis are classified into several types they are: Ladder frames. Cruciform frames. Torque tube back bone frame. Space frame. Monocoque. In the present era of automotive industry designers are using the space frame and monocoque for the justification of design problems and to sufficient structural stiffness. 2.1.9.1 Space frame A space frame chassis is a development of four tube chassis, both of them look quite similar. But the space frame differs in several key areas and offers very good advantages when compared to the predecessor. A space frame is an arrangement of many straight tubes in which the loads acting are either in tension or compression. The figure below shows the clear idea of a space frame. But from the above figure it is clear that the diagonal member is pulled in tension when a load is acted on it. This above illustration is the simple idea of the space frame chassis. This experiencing of loads in either tension or compression is a major advantage. So none of the tubes will be subjected to the load will tend to bend in the middle. Since the space frames are very good in torsion stiffness. The three dimensional space frame chassis are used for specialist cars such as sports racing cars. This type of vehicle design is used for low volume and mass production as well. In this type of structure it is imperative to ensure that all planes fully triangulated by doing so the beam elements are essentially loaded in tension and compression. In the space frame welded joints are done it retains bending and torsion at the joints, but to rely on this restrains will render the structure less stiff. The stiffness is provided by the diagonal member subject to direct tension or compression. 2.1.9.2 Space frame principles A space frame is three dimensional arrangements of tubes loaded in pure tension and compression. The joints between them can be replaced by the ball joints without affecting the stiffness. Other important feature is all loads enter and leave the structure at the points of intersection of three or more tubes. The structural elements do not have to be tubes and the joints do not have to be welded. In terms of torsional stiffness the space frame attempts to connect the four spring anchorages so that is impossible to twist the pair without stretching and compressing the tube. AIMS The first thing to undertake this research is to set some basic aims that need to be achieved. As the aim of the project is stated to reduce the weight and increase the stiffness of existing vehicle chassis. So the main aims are in terms of weight, stiffness, and size. 3.1. Weight Weight was a main consideration in the research it is very crucial to reduce it to that of original weight. It helps in improving the weight to power ratio, better fuel efficiency and performance. 3.2. Stiffness It is also another key factor to be considered in the research. The stiffness must be improved to that of existing one in case of torsion, bending. 3.3. Size Last but not the least, the above reduction in weight and increase in stiffness must be achieved without effecting the size and shape of the chassis. This is important because it should not affect the driver to get in the car, and appearance of the car. And also the constraints set for the positioning of the engine etc should not be changed. 3.4. Requirements Certain requirements beyond my research boundary and aims are needed to be specified, to make up and achieving success in my research they are: The elements in the space frame which should not disturb must be specified. The dimensions of the chassis, and the materials used must be specified. The specification of the loads on the chassis. The original weight of the chassis which is going to be modified. The stiffness that chassis must be in terms of torsion, bending. Project Objectives The objectives of the project are: To analyse the original chassis, its structure, weight, stiffness, torsion, and materials used. Research the characteristics of space frame chassis and discover the effects with respect to vehicle handling and performance in case of bending and torsion loads. The benefits and performance of materials when replaced by the original one in terms of weight and stiffness. The research should be done with resources available. From testing and changing the elements, dimensions other than the constraints in lab, modifying the improvements in chassis. Analysing the results to that of the original chassis and comparing. Research Questions What are the materials used for the chassis construction? What are positions in the chassis which should not be disturbed? What is maximum allowable weight, stiffness and loads that being subjected by the chassis? What will be effect on stiffness and weight if certain elements of the chassis were replaced by the other materials? If the diameter and size of the elements were changed what will be the effect on weight and stiffness? If the positions of the elements other than the elements which should not be disturbed, i.e. by mix and matching, replacing the positions. What will be the effect on stiffness and weight? If the circular tube cross-sectional elements of the chassis in some areas are replaced by square tube cross-sectional elements, what will be the effect on stiffness and weight? Research Approach and Design 6.1. Introduction The problem being researched is quantitative rather than qualitative. It deals in numerical values and variables, predetermined categories, focuses on specific knowledge and control of variables. The approach of this research is different to that of qualitative research which would involve human subjects, questionnaires and interviews. The approach will be analytical which will include experimental analysis, analysing the data, interpreting the results, comparisons etc. 6.2. Approach and design The research is about how to increase the stiffness and reduce the weight of existing vehicle chassis. The research is based on a lot of literature, experimental design and analysis. It should be well designed, planned and managed to ensure that the results can be analysed, interpreted and presented. Throughout the period of the research a process was followed to produce a successful report on the analysis done with that of the original chassis they are: Setting some benchmarks in regarding to the design of chassis. Analyse the previous chassis, and getting an idea in terms of stiffness, weight, shape. Developing the modelling, and analysing techniques that allows the process to be simple and can be modified easily. Gaining the information regarding the dimensions of the chassis from the designers and the areas in the chassis which should not be disturbed in terms of design. Looking for the possibility of the new considerations that were not previously included in the design. Considering the feedback of the supervisor as the process of the research goes on. 6.3. Experiment design It includes a statement of problem to be solved. Before going to do the research on the experimental design it is important to consider all points of view of what the experiment is intended to do. 6.3.1 Response variable The problem must include reference to at least on characteristic of a unit on which information is to be obtained. Those characteristics are called response or dependent variables. In this research the response variables are weight and stiffness, which are dependent on material, design, etc. In addition to reference of the response variable, some questions should be asked. They are measurements methods, what tools are required to measure the variable? Can variable can be measured accurately or not? 6.3.2 Independent variables The variables which control the response variables are called Independent variables. In this piece of work the independent variables are: Load on the space frame chassis. Material used for the chassis. Design of the chassis. Size and shape. The independent variables will be chosen randomly one at a time or by considering more than one independent variable. The response on the dependent are analysed and compared to that of original chassis. 6.3.3. Design Before the data is collected and results are drawn, it is important to know how to solve the problem with a limited amount of time and available resources. It is important to note how many observations should be taken, what is the maximum amount of deviation in terms of stiffness and weight in comparable to original one. Also attention is required in handling the independent variables. 6.3.4. Analysis comparison The final step in the experiment is to compare the results of the optimised chassis to that of the results on the original one, and approach the problem by checking and comparing the results. This will be done by the preparation of the graphical displays of the values in terms of weight and stiffness. Its important to make sure that the results are within the prescribed limits. If its not, follow the investigation again by controlling the independent variables. 6.4. FSAE chassis Rules and Requirements. There are some rules that must be followed throughout the design and construction of chassis. If these rules are not followed strictly the FSAE car will be eliminated from the competition. The rules that have to be followed are. Structural requirements. Minimum material requirements. Alternative tubing and material. Steel tubing requirements. Aluminium tubing requirements. Composite material requirements. Roll hoops requirements. Tube frames. 6.4.1 Structural requirements. The structure of the vehicle must include two roll hoops, front bulk head with support system and impact Attenuator, and side impact structures. 6.4.2 Minimum material requirements. 6.4.2.1 Baseline Steel Material. The structure of the car must be constructed with: Round, mild or alloy, steel tubing (minimum 0.1% carbon) of the minimum dimensions according to the following table. Item or Application Outside diameter Ãâ€" Wall thickness Main and Front hoops, Shoulder harness mounting bar. inch (25.4 mm) x 0.095 inch (2.4 mm) 25.0 mm x 2.50 mm metric Side Impact Structure, Front Bulkhead Roll Hoop Bracing, Drivers Restraint Harness attachment. inch (25.4mm) Ãâ€" 0.0065 inch (1.65mm) or 25.0mm Ãâ€" 1.75mm metric or 25.4mm Ãâ€"1.60mm metric. Front bulk head support. 1.0 inch (25.4mm) Ãâ€" 0.049 inch (1.25 mm) Or 25.0 mm Ãâ€"1.5 mm metric or 26.0mm Ãâ€" 1.2 mm metric. Table 6.4.2: Minimum material requirements. (Source: FAE rules 2008) 6.4.2.2 Alternative Tubing and Material The chassis can be constructed with alternative tubing and material but not for the Main Roll Hoop and Main Roll Hoop Bracing. These must be constructed only with the Steel, to say in other words the use of Composites and other materials such as Aluminium or alloys are strictly prohibited. If the chassis was to constructed with alternate tubing rather than material, the tubing must not be thinner than as shown below. 6.4.2.2.1: Minimum wall thickness for steel tubing requirements Material and Application: Minimum wall thickness: Steel tubing for front and Main Roll Hoops 2.0 mm (0.079 inch) Steel tubing for Roll hoop Bracing, Front bulk head drivers harness attachment. 1.6 mm (0.063 inch) Steel tubing for side impact structure front bulk head support. 1.2 mm (0.047 inch) Table 6.4.2.2.1: Minimum wall thickness for steel tubing requirements Source: FSAE 2008 rules. 6.4.2.3: Aluminium tubing requirements Minimum wall thickness: Material Application : Minimum wall thickness: Aluminium tubing 3.0 mm (0.118 inch) Table 6.4.2.3: Aluminium tubing requirements. (Source: FSAE 2008 rules). 6.4.3. Roll Hoops The Roll hoop design criteria must justify the following: 6.4.3.1. Main Hoop The drivers head and hands must not contact the ground in any rollover attitude. The frame must include both Main Hoop and Front Hoops The Main Hoop must be constructed of single uncut tubing made of steel as per the minimum tubing requirements. The use alternate material is prohibited for construction of main hoop. The main hoop must extend from the lowest member on one side of the frame, to the down towards the lowest Frame member on the other side of the frame. In the side of the car the portion of the attachment of the Main Roll Hoop which lies above the attachment point of the main structure of the frame must be within 10 degrees to the vertical. The vertical members of the Main Hoop must be at least 380mm apart at the location where the Main Hoop is attached to the Major Structure of the Frame. In the Front view of the vehicle. 6.4.3.2. Front Hoop The Front Hoop must be constructed of closed structure of steel as minimum tubing requirements. The use composite materials are prohibited. The Front Hoop Frame member must extend from one side of the Frame, to the down over and towards the lowest Frame member on the other side of the Frame. The top most surface of the Front Hoop should not be below the top of the steering wheel in any angular position. The front Hoop should be no more than 250 mm forward of the steering wheel when measured horizontally through the vehicle centre line. No part of the Front Hoop should be inclined at not more than 20 degrees in the side view. 6.4.3.3. Main Hoop General Requirements A straight line drawn from the top of the main hoop to the top of the front hoop must be clear by 50.8 mm of the helmet of the teams drivers and the helmet of a 95th  percentile male. When seated normally and restrained by the Drivers Restraint system. 95th Percentile Male Template Dimensions A two dimensional template used to represent the 95th percentile male is made to the following dimensions: A circle of diameter 200 mm (7.87 inch) will represent the hips and buttocks. A circle of diameter 200 mm (7.87 inch) will represent the shoulder/cervical region. A circle of diameter 300 mm (11.81 inch) will represent the head (with helmet). A straight line measuring 490 mm (19.29 inch) will connect the centres of the two 200 mm circles. A straight line measuring 280 mm (11.02 inch) will connect the centres of the upper 200 mm circle and the 300 mm head circle. The 95th percentile male template will be positioned as follows: the seat will be Source: FSAE rules 2008. 6.4.4. Front Impact Structure The drivers feet are always with in the Major structure of the Frame. No part of the drivers feet should be above or outside the Frame in the side and front views, while touching the pedals. Forward of the Front bulk head must be energy- absorbing Attenuator. 6.4.4.1. Bulk Head The requirements of the Bulk head in a Front impact structure are: It should be constructed of closed section tubing.

Child Abuse Case Study: Peter Connelly Essay -- Toddler Peter Connell

Child abuse does not discriminate against a child because of age, sex, religion, or socioeconomic background. Every child is vulnerable to abuse. Parents today face the possibility that someone they know or a stranger may hurt or take advantage of their children. Research indicates that as many as one out of every four children will be the victims of some kind of abuse (National Child Abuse Statistics). Furthermore, one of the biggest ironies of child abuse is that the family, a child’s primary source of care, love, and security, can also be their most taunting experience. This was the case of 17 month old baby, Peter Connelly. Throughout his short life span, he suffered from neglect and physical abuse that ultimately caused his death. Child abuse is a serious problem that is being taken too lightly. Peter Connelly was born March 1st, 2007 in Haringey, London. In a two month period Peter’s father moved out of the house, while his mother Tracey Connelly met a new guy Steven Baker at a club. On October 13th Peter was taken to the doctor’s office with bruises to the side of his head. His mother told the authorities that he fell out of his crib. Sometime around December Peters mothers thirty-two year old boyfriend, Steven Baker, moves into the home. Within the same month he was rushed to the emergency room with head injuries, bruising to the bridge of the nose, sternum, right shoulder and buttocks. Peter’s mother said he fell off of his seat. Ultimately, his case was referred to social services. Peter was given temporarily to a friend of the family. Pursing this further, on January 26th Peter is returned to his mother, even though Tracey Connelly was still on bail for assaulting and neglecting the baby. Time... ...Baby P Death Named." BBC News - Home. Web. 07 Apr. 2011. . Hughes, Mark. "Baby P's Killers: the Untold Story - Crime, UK - The Independent." The Independent | News | UK and Worldwide News | Newspaper. Web. 07 Apr. 2011. . Layman, Richard. Child Abuse. Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics, 1990. 15+. Print. "National Child Abuse Statistics | Childhelp." Prevention and Treatment of Child Abuse | Childhelp. Web. 07 Apr. 2011. . "Timeline Leading to Toddler Peter Connelly's Tragedy | The Sun |News." The Sun | The Best for News, Sport, Showbiz, Celebrities | The Sun| The Sun. Web. 07 Apr. 2011. .

Essay on The Handmaids Tale as a Warning to Society -- Handmaids Tal

The Handmaid's Tale as a Warning to Society Margaret Atwood's renowned science fiction novel, The Handmaid's Tale, was written in 1986 during the rise of the opposition to the feminist movement. Atwood, a Native American, was a vigorous supporter of this movement. The battle that existed between both sides of the women's rights issue inspired her to write this work. Because it was not clear just what the end result of the feminist movement would be, the author begins at the outset to prod her reader to consider where the story will end. Her purpose in writing this serious satire is to warn women of what the female gender stands to lose if the feminist movement were to fail. Atwood envisions a society of extreme changes in governmental, social, and mental oppression to make her point. Early on it is evident that the authority of this society has been changed from a theocracy to a totalitarian government. The first sentence reveals that the current living quarters of the main character, Offred, are located in "what had once been the gymnasium" (3). The narrator recounts the past fifty years in this place from felt skirts of the fifties to the green spiked hair of the nineties. Then she turns to describe its transformation into what resembles an army barrack but is actually functioning as a kind of prisoner of war camp. In these few short sentences, Atwood has described the conditions of a place called Gilead, which is located in what used to be called the United States. In chapter four the author reveals that the current government is waging a war against the church. This is evidence that this society has shifted away from recognizing God as its supreme authority. The narrator then mentions that church song... ... the past, Offred continues to hope that her husband, Luke, is still alive. She reveals this as she observes the bodies hanging at the wall and comments that she feels relief because, "Luke wasn't a doctor. Isn't" (44). Not only does she defy the system be refusing to accept this society as the end of all things, but she also persists in hoping that she will someday awaken from this nightmare and things will be the way they used to be. The ending of the novel is intentionally lacking direction because the author wants the reader to ponder its ending. Were it not for the fact that we, the readers, know that Offred lives to tell her story, we would be left like the people of Gilead, without hope. However, Margaret Atwood's point is that just as naturally as a caterpillar weaves its cocoon to grow wings and fly free, so to must the wings of women be.

Blurred Boundaries in Susan Glaspells Trifles :: Trifles Essays

Blurred Boundaries in Trifles  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   In her landmark feminist play, "Trifles," Susan Glaspell offers a peek at the complicated political and social systems that both silenced and divided women during their struggle for equality with men. In this simple but highly symbolic tale, a farmer's wife, Minnie Wright, is accused of strangling her husband to death. The county attorney, the sheriff, a local farmer, the sheriff's wife and the farmer's wife visit Minnie's farm house. As the men "look for clues," the women survey Minnie's domestic environment. While the men scoff at the women's interest in what they call "trifles," the women discover Minnie's strangled bird to realize that Minnie's husband had killed the bird and Minnie had, in turn, killed him. They bond in acknowledgment that women "all go through the same things--it's all just different kind of the same thing" (1076). As their horror builds and the women unravel the murder, they agree to cooperate with one another, conspiring to protect Minnie against the men by hiding the incriminating "evidence." Women's slow reluctance to cooperate across class even in the face of male oppression, as depicted in Glaspell's play, symbolizes the difficulty women had in creating a united "cross class sisterhood" when struggling for suffrage during the Gilded Age. This class conflict was exacerbated by the socio-economic dynamics of the day. Middle class women often employed working class women in their homes as servants. Employing women with hypothetically oppressive wages in their "private lives," while at the same time fighting for the economic freedom of all women in their "public lives" placed middle class women in a hypocritical bind. As historian Lois Banner reports, "In the 1900s and 1910s there was an outpouring of writings on the so-called servant problem--the shortage of women willing to work as cooks and maids. . . .It was not simply that they [servants] were expected to be paid long hours and were not well paid; they were subject to the whims and status anxieties of their mistresses " (52). The control that middle class women reportedly bestowed upon their domestic laborers extended into the larger picture; much of middle class club work focused on the "reform" of working class women. The imposition of middle class values onto working class and black women's lives alienated these women--making the feelings of sisterhood necessary for solidarity, nearly impossible. As historian Nancy Hewitt explains, "When 'true women' [i.

Characteristics of at-Risk Students (Aed201)

School Program for At-Risk Students In the United States many students face many problems or terrible conditions in their lives at home, school and in life in general. These problems and conditions can affect students tremendously when it comes to schoolwork or academic success. Many schools nationwide have set up programs or assistance to help these students succeed despite the problem or condition being faced. Not all students may encounter a problem or condition, but some encounter multiple problems. The types of problems and conditions include changing families, poverty, violence, abuse of alcohol and/or drugs, suicide, and child abuse (Axia College, 2005). These are serious problems that many students face in today’s world, which can seriously affect academic success. Students who face one or more of these problems is said to be â€Å"at-risk† for academic failure (Axia College, 2005). The characteristics of students placed at-risk are a low SES, inner city, male, transient, minority, non-native English speaker, and divorced families (Axia College, 2005). The only way a school, district, or state can do something about the at-risk students is to assist the needs of these students as much as possible. Many schools, districts, and states have set up special programs for at-risk students, including anything from afterschool programs to housing assistance. Usually the programs assist one of the characteristics of at-risk students to assist these students for their particular problem. The Phillipsburg school district of New Jersey has taken the issue of at-risk students very seriously by setting up an afterschool program to assist students facing the problem of low SES (socioeconomic status). Students who come from a low SES family face issues that interfere with academic success, such as low income families, lack of parental involvement, low exposure to school-related experiences, and so on (Axia College, 2005). The Phillipsburg school district has incorporated a program called Youth Center to assist the students who face these challenges. The Youth Center program is offered to all students, whether from low SES or high SES families. As soon as school ends, the students can board a free bus that transports them directly to the Phillipsburg school district youth center. The youth center contains a gym, field, classrooms, tutors, assistants, and anything else needed for the program. Students are offered tutoring services, homework help, supervised recreation, supervised educational activities, and volunteer opportunities (Wyant, 2010). This program is free of charge and is offered after school of every full day of school. Students arrive immediately after school to the youth center and are allowed to stay there until 6pm. The Youth Center program should be viewed as an exemplary and beneficial program to all. This program is exemplary because it offers many options for students and parents as well. The latchkey students have a place to go instead of sitting at home alone waiting for a parent to arrive. The wide range of activities offered is exemplary because it attracts many different types of students to participate. Offering the program at no cost and no cost transportation is also exemplary and beneficial because these students typically come from low income families that would never be able to afford such a program elsewhere. The benefits of the program go beyond giving the students a place to go free of charge. The academic benefit of this program is exemplary because the students have the access to tutors and homework helpers. Students who have attended this program for one year showed an improvement in school by seventy five percent, which is very good (Wyant, 2010). Since the program was established in the Phillipsburg school district, the academic achievement test scores have risen respectfully. Ensuring the youth center program reaches all targeted students and meet the students’ needs is crucial for this school district. All students and parents are aware of the existence of this program and are often encouraged to join. The statistics have shown how students academically progress after joining the program, which is attractive to other students found in the same situation. The school district is even considering an expansion to the program by adding counselors to assist students’ emotional needs (Wyant, 2010). Many schools, districts, and states are doing everything possible to assist students who are considered at-risk. The Phillipsburg school district has had success with the youth center afterschool program to assist low SES students. There are many programs available to students who are at-risk, but maintaining and improving these programs is essential to success. Students do not have to face the challenges of being at-risk alone anymore. References Axia College of University of Phoenix. (2005). Changes in American Society. Retrieved April 30, 2010, from Axia College, Week Three reading, aXcess, AED201—Teaching as a Profession Course Web site. Wyant, H. (2010). Joseph H. Firth Youth Center. Retrieved April 30, 2010, from http://www. phillipsburgnj. org/index. php? option=com_content&view=article&id=42&Itemid=53 FOR AXIA COLLEGE AED201†¦ RECEIVED â€Å"A† on this paper.

The Meteor as a Symbol in the Scarlet Letter

The Meteor that Dimmesdale sees in Chapter 12 of Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter is an important symbol. As the minister watches the night sky, together with Hester and Pearl, a meteor appears that traces out an „Aâ€Å". While most of the people think that the „Aâ€Å" stands for „Angelâ€Å" and is showing that Governor Winthrop is gone and it marks his the entry to heaven, which will be proofed later on, but Dimmesdale, on the other hand, interprets it differently. Him hiding his sins and „cover his heart with his handâ€Å", the „Aâ€Å" reminds him of Hester‘s Scarlet Letter. He thinks, it is a sign for him to wear the mark of shame too, so as Hester does. Seeing that God is trying to show his sins to the public, what he does not want, even through he is dying of that. The minister only will find peace by telling and confessing his sin and accepting it finally, to what he is not able to do until the end of the book. This symbol shows us that there is more than one way to interpret things, like the Puritan way, who think of messages from God, typical warnings and bad things that will happen to them affecting their community. Dimmesdale only thinks about himself and the issue he has, he only interprets the meteor his way and no other, the symbol helped pushing him forward to finally built up the courage, he so badly needs to confess in front of the townspeople.

Analysis of The Lottery Essay

The Lottery is a film based on the short story of the same name by Shirley Jackson. The story takes place in a small village, where the people held an anniversary activity of lottery. One person in the town is randomly chosen, and the person who got the lottery would be hit to death by stones for the sake of harvest of the following year. In my opinion, â€Å"The Lottery† is a surprise and horror story. The film begins under a friendly atmosphere. The people in the village are close and familiar with each other. Before the lottery, everyone seems in a peace mind and friendly to each other. For instance, Mrs. Hutchinson arrives late, just with an excuse of â€Å"forgetting what day it was†. They talk to each other as usual give me a false impression that the lottery is an event similar as the square dance that is welcomed and festive. I expect that the winner of the lottery will receive a prize, money or something. Mr. Warner who was the eldest person in the town says with pride, â€Å"Seventy-seventh year I have been in the Lottery. † I always think the lottery is a pleasant event until the very moment Tessie screams when she sees her husband pick the black dot. The conclusion surprises me that the winner’s fate is death by friends and family. With this conclusion, the film becomes a horror story. The film centers on the actions of each town people from an objective perspective to reflect the blind obedience, less of rationality and cruel coldness of human nature of the whole town people. In this mundane town, everyone knows each other. However, when Tessie receives the black spot, Mrs. Delacroix tells her, â€Å"Be a good sport Tessie. † People’s reflection to the cruel thing is quite cold-blooded. This film presents a weakness in human individuals. Lottery as such a terrible activity for so many years, with no objections or questions asked. Even someone doubts the lottery has been answered with â€Å"There has always been a lottery. † Even people may not be entirely comfortable with the event, but everyone still goes along with it. No one openly expresses fear or disgust toward the lottery. Even Tessie is friendly and pretending to be pleased to be present before she receives the black spot. I think if Tessie is not the target, she will also throw the stones to the winner. The film shows hypocrisy and human weakness in the small town. It is horrible when people always relying on the traditions, especially some brutal sacrificial ceremonies like the lottery. The holiday atmosphere and surprised conclusion of the lottery intensify the horror of the story. The horror of the lottery is not only the cruel behavior of the people, but also unconcerned reflection to the victim. They feel not guilt to the victim, and even excited when they throw the stones. The lurking evil of human kind is the most horror thing that reflected by the film.

Discuss the Character and Functions of Sandra Essay

â€Å"Beautiful Thing† is set in London this is used to illustrate what Sandra’s character is like. Sandra Gangle is a tough middle class woman, who lives in a tidy council flat in South London. Sandra is house proud she likes everything in it to be nice looking. An example of this is the hanging baskets hanging on the wall out side her house. Sandra also looks after her self we can tell this by the Body Shop products on the floor. Sandra has many roles in this play, which include being mother, neighbour, barmaid, single parent, workingwoman and a girlfriend. Sandra is a survivor in the sense that she is bringing up a son all on her own and she has to pay for every thing her self. â€Å"When I had three pee in my purse I went robbing for that boy† This Indicates Sandra’s loyalty towards to her son, and how much she cares for him and tries to provide for him. An alternative example of how deprived Sandra was that â€Å"I couldn’t afford a cot† This proves that however much Sandra tried and robbed she still couldn’t afford the basics. Sandra is also very abusive, using foul language to insult people. A good example of Sandra’s abusive language is the first word of the play, which is â€Å"SLAG.† This shows a major part of Sandra’s character and is used to set the scene for the rest of the story. Although Sandra uses foul language she prevents Jamie using it by saying â€Å"Language, Jamie!† when he tells Leah â€Å"I don’t need fuckin’ ‘elp.† This is because it is disrespectful to use to bad language and she wants to bring him up to the best of her ability. Foul language is mainly used to add tension to the story. Sandra character is harsh in the way that she talks to people. This can be demonstrated by the way she talks to Leah on several occasions â€Å"Face facts Leah, no bugger wants you† and â€Å"shut up† By saying this Sandra is being tactless and insensitive towards Leah’s feelings. Sandra is most thoughtless towards Leah. Sandra is also harsh in the way she describes Steve’s father â€Å"We all know his dad leathers him, I’m only having a laugh.† This is used to demonstrate how heartless and insensitive Sandra really is. Steve’s father was very aggressive towards him on numerous occasions. He punches him for know reason and even threw him out once for burning the toast. One time when Steve was thrown out he went round to see Sandra to explain what had happened to him. The type of caring person that Sandra is she took him in. After listening to Steve she told him he could stay the night. Then said this to Steve’s dad â€Å"Your little Steven’s round at our place tonight. I’ve every mind to report you.† This shows the sensitive and caring side that Sandra has. Among all Sandra’s responsibilities she tries her best to monitor Jamie’s progress at school. Sandra makes sure of this by the phrase â€Å"I shall be checking your homework when I get in.† This is to ensure he is doing well. Sandra is also very unreliable like when she is supposed to check Jamie’s homework she doesn’t even though she promises too do so. Telling Jamie â€Å"Ooh, Sod that, I’m knackered† gives a mixed impression that she is trying her best to provide money but is short of time due to working, and this is why she is tired. Another shocking point is that Sandra is incredibly judgemental. Coming to negative conclusions without thinking about the consequences and affects that it has on other people. Sandra proves her character is judgemental by telling Leah â€Å"A Leopard never changes its spots and a slapper never changes her knickers.† An alternative example of Sandra being judgmental is when she tells Jamie â€Å"I want you inside. She’s a bad influence.† Both these quotes prove how Sandra is quick to form an unpleasant opinion of someone. Additionally Sandra is also extremely boastful and is keen to tell others about her achievements. Bragging to a group of friends telling them â€Å"I won that hanging basket in the south east Thames barmaid at the year awards.† Sandra is proving that she is significantly more than an average barmaid the proof of this was winning the award.

Developmental Interviews Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Developmental Interviews - Assignment Example According to Erikson, her developmental level reveals she is age appropriate at Industry versus Inferiority, taking into account her many interests, as well as high level of achievement. According to Kohlberg she is at Stage 2 of Pre-conventional Morality, Individualism and Exchange; she said she would either try a trade off with her sister about borrowing something or just wait until her sister was not available and let her own needs justify using the object. Through interviewing this participant, I was surprised to find her so well read and currently learning Mandarin Chinese as her parents are not bilingual. The challenge was in getting this person to remain focused on the interview and not on everything that entered the room; although she agreed to be interviewed, she had difficulty expressing her feelings, as though she normally didn’t do that very often. I learned that children can be surprising in regards to what they know and are interested in. Adolescence (13-18) Iden tity versus Role Confusion. The young lady I interviewed for this section was 13 years old; she’s in the sixth grade, a ballerina, and on the local Sea Turtle Patrol.

Conflict as a Team Tool-Sheila Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Conflict as a Team Tool-Sheila - Essay Example Team formation has been a modern management model for quite a long. Both scholars and non-scholars have argued in its favor or disfavor. In this regard, the focus of this study is not to investigate the merits or demerits of this tool but to probe the level of independence that should be tolerated within teams. It is also in the interest of this study to establish how conflicts between groups affect departmental performance. To achieve their ultimate goals, departments divide the entire project into sub-units called tasks, each of which should be delivered by each team. Eventually, the accomplished works are brought together to realize the final goal (Bezrukova, Thatcher, Jehn, & Spell, 2012). In the course of their work, these teams require some independence so that they can perform their duties efficiently. What is of concern though is the level of independence these teams should be entitled to. Conflicts are bound to arise between various teams in their day to day duties. These conflicts have impacts on departmental performance and should be pointed to concern. Independence simply means that a team works without any interference or intervention from non-team members. This freedom cannot be exercised entirely since the teams must be interdependent at some points. As a result of the interdependence, disagreements and dissatisfactions may arise leading to conflicts. Independence gives teams some sense of autonomy. The teams will be in a position to come up with work timetables suitable to them so that the members work at convenient times. Such flexible schedules are right for the minds of the team members because they feel less controlled, and they work when only ready. The performance of the workers will, therefore, be better because they will be mentally and physically prepared for working. (Bezrukova, Thatcher, Jehn, & Spell, 2012) Independence in the teams helps eliminate the barriers that

Legal writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Legal writing - Essay Example Peter: Peter will argue that there was an oral contract between him and Don because both of them are legally-capacitated and Don has agreed to accept Peters father by the time he decides to come back. From that moment, a valid contract already exists since Peter has legally accepted Dons offer and the two competent parties had genuine assent toward the agreement. By the time Peter has seen Dons advertisement in the newspaper, he has adequately considered the price of the nursing homes services which was set at $500. Peter went to Dons nursing home, inspected its facilities and talked to Don regarding his fathers condition. Don then replied and said that he can move in his father since they have experiences of handling the same condition. Peter can argue that both of them have the capacity to enter a contract since they are of legal age and do not have any serious medical condition that will hinder its enforcement. The oral contract agreed by the two is legal since the purpose of which is only to send Peters father to Dons nursing facility and become its resident. Peter can assert that the oral contract is valid and enforceable because Dons nursing facility is only offering its services for $500, in other words goods are not involved in the contract. Furthermore, Peter can argue that there is no time specified that the agreement cannot be completed within a year; thus, no written contract is needed to make it valid and enforceable. In the first place, Dons gesture of shaking hands with Peter after their direct conversation is an indication that there is certainly an oral contract between them. Thus, Peters inability to move in his Father should not have been done by Don because he has already agreed to accept his fat her. Don: Don will argue that no contract has existed at all since Peter cannot show any evidences that a contract has been made, and no

Company's economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Company's economics - Essay Example ntory 60000 Purchases 200000 Advertising Expenses 20000 Rent 7200 Telephone 1200 Utilities 4800 Payroll 112000 Loan-1 (336x12) 4032 Bal C/d 1392 Loan-2 (8000+4160) 12160 Common Stock A/C Interest A/C Bal c/d 60000 Cash 60000 Cash 4160 Profit/Loss A/c 4160 Loan A/C Pickup Truck A/c Cash 4032 Cash 32000 Cash 2000 Cash 8000 Pickup Truck 10000 Loan 10000 Bal c/d 12000 Bal C/d 29968 Display Equipment A/C Debtors A/C Cash 6000 Bal C/d 6000 Sales 60000 Balc/d 60000 Rototiller A/c Rent A/C Cash 400 Bal c/d 400 Cash 7200 Profit/Loss A/c 7200 Cash Register A/C Telephone Expense A/C Cash 3600 Cash 1200 Profit/Loss A/C 1200 Inventory A/C Utilities A/C Cash 60000 Cost of Sales 240000 Cash 4800 Profit/Loss A/C 4800 Cash 200000 Bal c/d 20000 Payroll A/C Sales A/C Cash 112400 Profit/Loss A/C 112400 Cash 340000 Profit/Loss A/c 400000 Debtors 60000 Advertising Expense Cash 20000 Profit/Loss A/C 20000 THE GARDEN PLACE INCOME STATEMENT FOR THE YEAR ENDED MARCH 31 2007 $ $ Sales 400,000 Less: Cost of Goo ds Sold Opening stock 60000 Purchases +200000 Stock available for sale 260000 Less: closing stock (20000) Cost of goods sold (240000) Gross profit 160000 Less: Expenses Interest expense 4160 Advertising expense 20000 Rent 7200 Telephone 1200 Utilities 4800 Payroll 112000 (149360) Net Income 10640 Balance Sheet VERTICAL ANALYSIS COMPANY A BALANCE SHEET 2011 2010 Assets $ % $ % Current Assets Cash 4274 1.58% 1270 1% Trade Accounts Receivables 56504 20.95% 41174 22% Inventories 184113 68.26% 132196 70% Deferred tax payment 3384 1.25% 2611 1% Other current assets 11053 4.10% 8795 5% Total current assets 259328 96.14% 186046 98% Advance to supplier, net of imputed interest 4479 1.66% 0 0% Preferential supply agreement 521 0.19% 0 0% Long term financing cost, net of amortization 1360 0.50% 0 0% Property and equipment, net 4060 1.51% 4078 2% Total assets 269728 100.00% 190124 100% Liabilities and shareholders’ equity Current liabilities Notes payable 154424 57.25% 100447 53% Current maturities 160 0.06% 15131 8% Trade accounts payable 50054 18.56% 31482 17% Income tax payable 4060 1.51% 6143 3% Accrued expense and derivative liabilities 4089 1.52% 10537 6% Dividends payable 231 0.09% 0 0% Total current liabilities 213018 78.98% 148760 78% Mortgage payable 1461 1621 1% Subordinated convertible debt net of unamortized discount 9501 0.54% 0 0% Derivative liability for embedded conversion option 1934 3.52% 0 0% Deferred tax payable 212 0.72% 0 0% Stakeholders Equity Common stock$0.1 par value, 20000000 shares authorized and 11749651 issued Dec31 2011 and 2010 117 0.04% 117 0% Additional paid in capital 11937 4.43% 11937 6% Retained Earnings 35271 13.08% 31235 Accumulated other comprehensive loss (214) -0.08% (96) 0% Treasury stock 2511245 and 2490745 shares at Dec31 2011 and 2010 (3509) -1.30% (3450) -2% Total shareholders’ equity 43602 16.17% 39743 21% Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity 269728 100.00% 190124 100% COMPANY A INCOME STATEMENT V ERTICAL ANALYSIS $ % $ % Net Sales 514633 100.00% 465013 100.00% Cost of goods sold 490102 95.23% 434785 93.50% Gross Profit 24531 4.77% 30228 6.50% Selling, general and administrative expense 13336 2.59% 12031 2.59% Operating income before impairment recovery 11195 2.18% 18197 3.91% Impairment recovery 0 0.00% 346 0.07% Operating income 11195 2.18% 18543 3.99% Other income/expense Change in